Bitcoin tumbles amid crypto contagion fears after Celsius Network freezes withdrawals

WASHINGTON - Bitcoin fell as much as 14 per cent on Monday (June 13) after major US cryptocurrency lending company Celsius Network froze withdrawals and transfers citing "extreme" market conditions, in the latest sign of the financial market downturn hitting the crypto sphere.

The Celsius move triggered a slide across cryptocurrencies, with their value dropping below US$1 trillion (S$1.39 trillion) on Monday for the first time since January 2021, sparking worries the rout might spill over into other assets or hit other companies.

"Almost anything can be systemic in crypto ... because the whole space is over-levered," said Cory Klippsten, chief executive of Swan Bitcoin, a Bitcoin savings platform. "It's all a house of cards."

Celsius CEO Alex Mashinsky and Celsius did not respond to Reuters requests for comment.

New Jersey-based Celsius, which has around US$11.8 billion in assets, offers interest-bearing products to customers who deposit cryptocurrencies with its platform. It then lends out cryptocurrencies to earn a return.

After Celsius's announcement, Bitcoin touched an 18-month low of US$22,725, before rebounding slightly to around US$23,265. No.2 token Ether dropped as much as 18 per cent to US$1,176, its lowest since January 2021.

Companies exposed to cryptocurrencies have previously warned that declines in token prices could have ripple effects, including by triggering margin calls.

"It's still an uncomfortable moment, and there's some contagion risk around crypto more broadly," said Joseph Edwards, head of financial strategy at fund management firm Solrise Finance.

Crypto markets have dived in the past few weeks as rising interest rates and surging inflation prompted investors to ditch riskier assets across financial markets.

Markets extended a sell-off on Monday after US inflation data on Friday, which showed the largest price increase since 1981, prompting investors to raise their bets on Federal Reserve rate hikes.

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That was likely the key driver of the crypto market nosedive, Jay Hatfield, chief investment officer at Infrastructure Capital Management, wrote in a note on Monday.

"The Fed's overexpansion of its balance sheet led to a number of bubbles including tech stocks, (and) crypto tokens," he said.

Cryptocurrency investors have also been rattled by the collapse of the TerraUSD and Luna tokens in May which was shortly followed by Tether, the world's largest stablecoin, briefly breaking its 1:1 peg with the US dollar.

In a blog post on Monday, Tether said that while it has invested in Celsius, its lending activity with the crypto platform has "always been overcollateralized" and has no impact on Tether's reserves. The token was last trading flat at US$1.

Also on Monday, BlockFi, another crypto lending platform, said it was reducing its staff by about 20 per cent due to "dramatic shift in macroeconomic conditions." BlockFi said that it has no exposure to Celsius.

Bitcoin, which surged in 2020 and 2021, is down around 50 per cent so far this year. Ethereum is down more than 67 per cent this year.

Crypto lending

Celsius says on its website that customers who transfer their crypto to its platform can earn an annual return of up to 18.6 per cent. The website urges customers to "Earn high. Borrow low".

In a blog post on Sunday evening, the company said it had frozen withdrawals, as well as transfers between accounts, "to stabilise liquidity and operations while we take steps to preserve and protect assets."

"We are taking this action today to put Celsius in a better position to honour, over time, its withdrawal obligations," the company said.

Celsius's token has fallen about 97 per cent in the last 12 months, from US$7 to around 20 cents, based on CoinGecko data.

'Grey area'

Crypto lending products have surged in popularity and many companies have launched offerings within the last year.

That has sparked concerns among regulators who are worried about investor protections and systemic risks from unregulated lending products.

Celsius and crypto firms that offer similar services operate in a regulatory "grey area," said Matthew Nyman at CMS law firm.

Celsius raised US$750 million in funding last year from investors including Canada's second-largest pension fund Caisse de Dépôt et Placement du Québec. Celsius was valued at the time at US$3.25 billion.

As of May 17, Celsius had US$11.8 billion in assets, its website said, down by more than half from October, and had processed a total of US$8.2 billion worth of loans.

Mr Mashinsky, the CEO, was quoted in October last year saying Celsius had more than US$25 billion in assets.

Rival crypto lender Nexo said on Monday it had offered to buy Celsius' outstanding assets.

"We reached out to Celsius Sunday morning to discuss the acquisition of its collateralised loan portfolio. So far, Celsius has chosen not to engage," said Nexo co-founder Antoni Trenchev.

Celsius did not respond to a request for comment on Nexo's offer.