WASHINGTON — US President Joe Biden on Tuesday (July 25) honoured Emmett Till, the Black teenager whose 1955 killing helped galvanise the Civil Rights movement, and his mother with a national monument spanning two states and a call for Americans to learn the country's full history.
Till, 14 and visiting from Chicago, was beaten, shot and mutilated in Money, Mississippi, on Aug 28, 1955, four days after a 21-year-old white woman accused him of whistling at her. His body was dumped in a river.
The violent killing put a spotlight on the US civil rights cause after his mother, Mamie Till-Bradley, held an open-casket funeral and a photo of her son's badly disfigured body appeared in Black media.
The national monument designation across 5.7 acres (2.3 hectares) and three sites marks a forceful new effort by the president to memorialise the country's bloody racial history even as Republicans in some states push limits on how that past is taught in public schools.
"Darkness and denialism can hide much but they erase nothing," Biden told guests in the ornate, marble-edged Indian Treaty Room next to the White House, before signing the proclamation. "We can't just choose to learn what we want to know."
Biden, an 80-year-old Democrat, will likely need strong support from Black voters to secure a second term in the 2024 presidential election.
A Republican field led by former President Donald Trump has made conservative views on race and other contentious issues of history a part of their platform, including banning books and fighting efforts to teach school children accounts of the country's past that they regard as ideologically inflected or unpatriotic.
New education guidelines issued in Florida under Republican governor and 2024 presidential candidate Ron DeSantis last week ask middle school instructors to teach that enslaved Black people developed helpful "skills" in bondage, among other measures.
"Today there are those in our nation who prefer to erase or even rewrite the ugly parts of our past, those who attempt to teach that enslaved people benefited from slavery," Vice President Kamala Harris said at the event.
"As people who love our country, as patriots we know that we much remember and teach our full history even when it is painful. Especially when it is painful," she said.
Tuesday marks the 82nd anniversary of Till's birth in 1941. One of the monument sites is his funeral location, Roberts Temple Church of God in Christ, in Chicago.
The other selected sites are in Mississippi: Graball Landing, close to where Till's body is believed to be have been recovered; and Tallahatchie County Second District Courthouse, where two white men who later confessed to Till's killing were acquitted by an all-white jury.
Signs erected at Graball Landing since 2008 to commemorate Till's killing have been repeatedly defaced by gunfire.
Now that site and the others will be considered federal property, receiving about US$180,000 (S$239,337) a year in funding from the National Park Service. Any future vandalism would be investigated by federal law enforcement rather than local police, according to Patrick Weems, executive director of the Emmett Till Interpretive Centre in Sumner, Mississippi.
Other such monuments include the Grand Canyon, the Statue of Liberty and inventor Thomas Edison's laboratory.
"America is changing, America is making progress," said the Rev. Wheeler Parker Jr., 84, a cousin of Till's who was with the boy on the night he was abducted at gunpoint from a relatives' house in Mississippi where they were staying.
"I've seen a lot of changes over the years and I try to tell young people that they happen, but they happen very slow," Parker said in a telephone interview as he travelled from Chicago to Washington to attend the ceremony as one of the White House's approximately 60 guests.
Biden screened a film recounting the killing and its aftermath, "Till," at the White House in February. Last March, he signed into law a bipartisan bill named for Till that for the first time made lynching a federal hate crime.
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