WASHINGTON — The International Monetary Fund's executive board on Thursday (March 21) approved a third review of Ukraine's US$15.6 billion (S$20.9 billion) loan programme, allowing the release of US$880 million for budget support and bringing total disbursements to US$5.4 billion, the IMF said.
The global lender said the risks facing Ukraine remained exceptionally high, particularly the uncertainties surrounding the war with Russia and prospects for external financing, although Ukraine mission chief Gavin Gray said the fund still expected the war in Ukraine to wind down by the end of 2024.
Gray told reporters that Ukraine's overall performance on its Extended Fund Facility programme with the IMF had remained strong over its first year, and Kyiv had met all but one of the quantitative performance criteria. The miss involved tax revenues, but involved a very minor amount.
Ukraine should receive the funds in coming days, Gray said. That should be welcome news as the US Congress continues to debate approval for a US$61 billion supplemental aid package for Ukraine. Gray said the IMF would have to study the impact on Ukraine's debt levels if US lawmakers decided to convert some of that funding to a loan instead of a grant.
Sanaa Nadeem, the IMF's deputy mission chief for Ukraine, said the IMF had approved a new debt sustainability analysis for Ukraine that had not materially changed the macroeconomic analysis, but did exclude some US$3 billion in debt for Russian Eurobonds that had been contested by the Ukrainian authorities.
She told reporters that credible progress was being made on restructuring Ukraine's commercial debt, and the IMF expected ongoing technical discussions on that issue to pick up in coming weeks.
The IMF said its loan programme continued to provide a strong anchor for Ukraine's economic programme, which has remained on track despite extremely challenging circumstances due to Russia's war in Ukraine, now in its third year.
While Ukraine's economy was more resilient than expected in 2023, headwinds were re-emerging in 2024, with growth expected to soften to 3-4 per cent due to uncertainty about the war and as supply constraints become more binding, the IMF said.
"Looking ahead, the recovery is expected to slow somewhat, given the exceedingly high risks to the outlook stemming mainly from the exceptionally high war-related uncertainty as well as potential delays in external financing," IMF chief Kristalina Georgieva said in a statement.
"The authorities should be vigilant against these risks. It is also critical that the external financing committed to Ukraine by all donors is disbursed in a timely and predictable manner to safeguard Ukraine's hard-won macroeconomic stability."
One critical factor for Ukraine's future remains the return of an estimated 6.5 million people — mainly women and children — who fled the country and remain outside its borders because of the war.
Nadeem said the IMF continued to expect a net loss of about two million people, but said there was a risk that number could grow the longer the war lasts.
"This is indeed a very challenging situation and does present headwinds to society," she said, noting that Ukraine had an ageing society even before the war.
ALSO READ: US puts pressure on Israel with Gaza ceasefire resolution as Qatar talks continue
