BRUSSELS/PARIS — Nato said on Wednesday (Feb 14) that Europe was meeting an alliance spending target and the United States needed allies, days after former US President Donald Trump suggested that Washington might not protect countries that did not spend enough.
Nato chief Jens Stoltenberg also urged the Republican-controlled US House of Representatives to pass a "vital" multi-billion dollar military aid package for Ukraine, warning lawmakers that China would be emboldened if Russia wins its war.
The transatlantic alliance's European states would invest a combined total of US$380 billion (S$512 billion) in defence this year, taking their spending as a whole to an estimated two per cent of GDP in 2024 compared to 1.85 per cent in 2023, Stoltenberg said.
Trump shocked Europeans on Saturday by implying that he would encourage Russia "to do whatever the hell they want" to Nato allies that did not spend enough. The 31 allies have committed to a target of spending two per cent of their output on defence but not all have done so individually.
"I expect 18 allies to spend two per cent of their GDP on defence this year," Stoltenberg told a news conference in Brussels, adding overall military spending was set for another record year after two years of Russia's full-fledged war against Ukraine.
The number was higher than last year, when 11 Nato members were expected to reach the agreed target.
Addressing journalists' questions linked to the controversy around Trump's comments, Stoltenberg said the United States knew how important the defence alliance is for its own security.
"The United States have never fought a war alone," he said ahead of a Nato ministers' meeting.
"The criticism we hear is not about Nato, it is about Nato allies not spending enough on Nato," he added, saying the new hike in military spending by European allies was proof this message had been heard.
Bracing for a possible second Trump presidency and as Washington struggles to pass a $95 billion military aid package for Ukraine and other allies, Nato diplomats are focused on keeping the alliance's dominant military power invested in Nato and the protection of Europe.
"I count on the House of Representatives to agree support to Ukraine, because this is not charity. This is an investment in our own security," Stoltenberg told Reuters in an interview.
"The European Union cannot defend Europe. Eighty per cent of Nato's defence expenditures come from non-EU Nato allies," the secretary general also said.
In a historic first since the end of the Cold War, Berlin will meet the two per cent target this year for the first time, allocating the equivalent of 71.8 billion euros (S$103.8 billion) for defence spending this year through regular and special budget outlays. However, the sum of its total defence spending is classified.
France, the bloc's only nuclear power, could follow suit.
With 413 billion euros planned for the next seven years, its 2024-2030 Military Programming Law substantially increases French defence spending. The new budget was initially expected to hit two per cent of GDP from 2025, although sources have said that may be brought forward.
Speaking on condition of anonymity, diplomats said Nato's new strategy would need to include further boosting European defence spending, addressing topics of strong US interest such as China and the Indo-Pacific, and careful handling of Trump.
One said the approach would be a "combination of flattery and a firm hand".
A leading national security adviser to Trump, Keith Kellogg, told Reuters on Tuesday that he would push for changes to Nato if the former president returns to power that could result in some member nations losing protection against an outside attack.
Nato members have been steadily increasing their defence spending since Russian forces annexed the southern Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea and entered Donbas in eastern Ukraine in 2014.
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