LONDON — French President Emmanuel Macron said on Tuesday (July 8) Britain and France must work together to counter the world's many destabilising threats and protect Europe from "excessive dependencies" on the United States and China.

Macron, in a rare address to both houses of the British parliament, celebrated the return of closer ties between the two countries as he became the first European leader to be invited for a British state visit since Brexit.

Having been greeted earlier by the British royal family, Macron set out to parliament where he said the two countries needed to come together to strengthen Europe, including on defence, immigration, climate, and trade.

"The United Kingdom and France must once again show the world that our alliance can make all the difference," he said.

"The only way to overcome the challenges we have, the challenges of our times, will be to go together hand in hand, shoulder to shoulder."

Listing the geopolitical threats the countries face, Macron argued they should also be wary of the "excessive dependencies of both the US and China," saying they needed to "de-risk our economies and our societies from this dual dependency."

But he also set out the opportunities of a closer union, saying they should make it easier for students, researchers and artists to live in each other's countries, and seek to work together on artificial intelligence and protect children online.

The speech symbolised the improvement in relations sought by British Prime Minister Keir Starmer's centre-left Labour Party, as part of a broader reset of ties with European allies following the rancour over Britain's departure from the European Union.

'Entente amicale'

Macron, who enjoys a strong personal relationship with King Charles, was earlier greeted by the royal family, including heir-to-the-throne Prince William and his wife Princess Catherine, before they travelled in horse-drawn carriages to Windsor Castle.

Charles used his speech at the evening's opulent state banquet to christen a new era of friendly relations, upgrading the "entente cordiale" — an alliance dating from 1904 that ended centuries of military rivalries — to an "entente amicale."

"As we dine here in this ancient place, redolent with our shared history, allow me to propose a toast to France and to our new entente. An entente not only past and present, but for the future — and no longer just cordiale, but now amicale," he said.

The 76-year-old monarch, who is undergoing treatment for cancer, had a noticeably red right eye. A Buckingham Palace source said he had suffered a burst blood vessel that was unrelated to any other health condition.

Britain and France marked the three-day visit with an announcement that French nuclear energy utility EDF would invest £1.1 billion (S$1.9 billion) in a nuclear power project in eastern England.

The two also said France would lend Britain the Bayeux Tapestry, allowing the 11th-century masterpiece to return for the first time in more than 900 years, in exchange for Britain loaning France Anglo-Saxon and Viking treasures.

The state visit comes 16 years after the late Queen Elizabeth hosted then-French president Nicolas Sarkozy.

Despite tensions over post-Brexit ties and how to stop asylum seekers from crossing the Channel in small boats, Britain and France have been working closely to create a planned military force to support Ukraine in the event of a ceasefire with Russia.

Starmer is hoping that will help persuade Macron to take a different approach to stopping people smuggling, with London wanting to try out an asylum seekers' returns deal. This would involve Britain deporting one asylum seeker to France in exchange for another with a legitimate case to be in Britain.

A record number of asylum seekers have arrived in Britain on small boats in the first six months of this year.

Starmer, whose party is trailing Nigel Farage's right-wing Reform UK party in the polls, is under pressure to find a solution.

France has previously refused to sign such an agreement, saying Britain should negotiate an arrangement with all EU countries.

Source: Reuters